Madu trigona atau lebih dikenal dengan sebutan lain madu klanceng atau madu kelulut, dihasilkan oleh lebah kecil, ramping dan hitam yang disebut lebah Trigona Spp. Lebah ini merupakan spesies primitif yang hanya menghasilkan madu dalam jumlah sedikit.
Lebah trigona termasuk hewan liar dan tidak membuat madunya dengan cara tradisional dalam sisir madu heksagonal. Namun mereka menyimpan madunya dalam struktur hitam dan coklat kecil yang tidak beraturan, tercakup dalam propolis.
Cita rasa dari madu ini terbilang unik dan berbeda dari madu biasanya. Madu trigona berwarna agak gelap, tidak bening, serta perpaduan rasa agak manis, asam dan pahit.
Baca juga : 5 Manfaat Madu untuk Anak
1. Kandungan Nutrisi Madu Trigona
Madu trigona mengandung sekitar 200 senyawa, seperti enzim, asam amino dan mineral, dengan kandungan utama air dan gula.
Selain itu ada komponen lain berupa vitamin, yakni:
- Asam askorbat (Vitamin C),
- Tiamin (Vitamin B1),
- Asam pantotenat (Vitamin B5),
- Riboflavin (Vitamin B2),
- Asam nikotinat (Vitamin B3),
- Piridoksin (Vitamin B6),
- Biotin (Vitamin B8 ),
- Asam folat (Vitamin B9), dan
- Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12).
Enzim dan protein merupakan konstituen minor. Dengan enzim memainkan peran penting dalam berbagai aktivitas, termasuk antimikroba dan memfasilitasi penyerapan kalsium.
Madu trigona memiliki sifat anti mikroba yang sangat tinggi, setara dengan manuka kualitas terbaik dari Selandia Baru. Madu jenis ini memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan dalam keperluan pengobatan modern.
Baca juga : MANISNYA MADU ‘ODENG’ UJUNG KULON
2. Perbedaan Madu Trigona Dengan Madu Lain
a. Lebih Mahal
Harga madu trigona lebih mahal, karena hasil produksi dari lebahnya sendiri jumlahnya tidak banyak. Sangat cocok untuk ide bisnis, karena lebah trigona terbilang mudah dibudidayakan serta tidak agresif, sehingga risiko kecil untuk mengalami cedera akibat gigitannya.
b. Rasa Lebih Asam
Kadar keasaman madu trigona mencapai 3,05-4,55. Teksturnya pun lebih encer daripada madu biasa, karena kadar airnya lebih banyak, berkisar antara 30-35 persen.
c. Mengandung Bee Pollen dan Propolis
Lebah trigona juga menghasilkan bee pollen dan propolis yang lebih tinggi serta lebih tinggi antioksidannya.
3. Khasiat Madu Trigona
a. Antimikroba
Studi mengungkapkan bahwa madu ini memiliki aktivitas antimikroba yang signifikan terhadap beberapa strain bakteri yang berbeda, termasuk Bacillus cereus (penyebab muntah dan diare) dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa (penyebab infeksi).
Selain itu juga melawan jamur, seperti Candida albicans. Mengutip dari Alodokter, jamur ini menyebabkan infeksi kulit mulut, dan organ intim. Jika tak segera ditangani, infeksi bisa menyebar ke bagian tubuh lain, seperti usus, ginjal, jantung, dan otak.
b. Menyembuhkan Luka
Madu trigona juga dipercaya memiliki sifat antiseptik yang baik untuk penyembuhan luka. Sebuah penelitian menjelaskan bahwa trigona digunakan sebagai salep untuk luka bekas operasi atau luka lainnya. Penelitian tersebut juga menunjukan bahwa sangat ampuh pengobatan luka.
c. Tinggi Antioksidan
Sebuah penelitian yang dilakukan di wilayah timur laut Brazil mengungkapkan bahwa trigona dari Melipona (Michmelia), memiliki potensi antioksidan. Menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan yang signifikan secara in vitro.
Bagi penderita kanker, jantung dan stroke, antioksidan ini sangat bermanfaat untuk menangkal radikal bebas dalam tubuh.
d. Mengatasi Gangguan Neurologis
Gangguan neurologi umumnya terjadi pada otak, sumsum tulang belakang, dan sistem saraf secara keseluruhan sehingga trigona dapat membantu menjaga kesehatan otak.
Dari hasil penelitian oleh Sciencedirect, menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan, antikanker, dan antiaterogenik yang signifikan. Termasuk mencegah sakit gangguan neurologis dan mengatasinya.
e. Mencukupi Nutrisi Pada Ibu Hamil
Madu klanceng juga memiliki manfaat untuk ibu hamil. Rasanya yang sedikit masam dan cenderung pahit dapat mengurangi rasa mual pada ibu hamil. Selain itu, kandungan vitamin C pada madu klanceng juga dapat menjaga daya tahan tubuh bagi ibu hamil.
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